Commentary for Rosh Hashanah 52:12

במאי קמיפלגי מר סבר בר"ה כמה דכייף איניש דעתיה טפי מעלי וביום הכפורים כמה דפשיט איניש דעתיה טפי מעלי ומר סבר בראש השנה כמה דפשיט איניש דעתיה טפי מעלי ובתעניות כמה דכייף איניש דעתיה טפי מעלי:

THE SHOFAR GAVE A LONG BLAST AND THE TRUMPETS A SHORT ONE, SINCE THE PROPER CEREMONY OF THE DAY WAS WITH THE SHOFAR.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence the sound of the shofar was allowed to be heard after that of the trumpets.');">¹⁴</span> ON [COMMUNAL] FAST DAYS THEY USED [TWO] CURVED SHOFARS OF RAMS, THE MOUTHS OF WHICH WERE OVERLAID WITH SILVER'THERE WERE TWO TRUMPETS BETWEEN THEM; A SHORT BLAST WAS MADE WITH THE SHOFARS AND A LONG ONE WITH THE TRUMPETS, BECAUSE THE RELIGIOUS DUTY OF THE DAY WAS [TO BE PERFORMED] WITH THE TRUMPETS.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As it says, (Num. X, 2) , Make thee two trumpets of silver . . for the calling of the congregation, and on fast days the public were summoned to assemble.');">¹⁵</span> THE JUBILEE IS ON A PAR WITH NEW YEAR FOR BLOWING THE HORN AND FOR BLESSINGS.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., nine blessings have to be said over the shofar as on New Year.');">¹⁶</span> R'JUDAH SAYS: ON NEW YEAR THE BLAST IS MADE WITH A SHOFAR OF RAMS AND ON JUBILEES WITH ONE OF ANTELOPES. <big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>R'Levi said: The religious duty of New Year and of the Day of Atonement is performed with a curved shofar, and on other days in the year with a straight shofar. But we learn, THE SHOFAR OF NEW YEAR WAS A STRAIGHT ONE OF ANTELOPE'S HORN? - Levi followed the view of the following Tanna, as it has been taught: R'Judah says, On New Year they used to blow with curved shofars of rams' horns and on jubilees with shofars of antelopes' horns'. Why then did not he [Levi] say that the law<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [Read with MS.M.: 'the halachah is'.]');">¹⁷</span> follows the view of R'Judah?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As expressed in the Mishnah,');">¹⁸</span> - If you were to say that the law follows R'Judah, I should say that in the case of the Jubilee also he was of the same opinion as R'Judah. Now we know [that this is not so]. What is the ground of the difference [between R'Judah and the First Tanna]? - One authority [R'Judah] holds that on New Year the more a man [so to speak] bends his mind the more effective [is his prayer], while on the Day of Atonement [of the Jubilee] the more a man elevates<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'straightens', with the idea of freedom.');">¹⁹</span> his mind the better is the effect.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' On the analogy of the words, Let us lift up our hearts to our hands unto God in the heavens (Lam. III, 41) .');">²⁰</span> The other authority holds that on New Year the more a man elevates his mind the better the effect, and on fast days the more he bends his mind the better the effect.

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